It is part of the 10 commandments, not randomly mentioned in the bible. There are no formal or direct quotations to the old testament ot in revelation. Nov 19, 2012 this is the holy book of revelation, known as the revelation of st. There are over five hundred references to the old testament in the book of revelation. Some of these references back to the old testament do speak of the very same thing as the revelation. Factors in an act of revelation a helpful analysis of an act of revelation has bten presented by david h. Another is that it represents righteousness or the gospel white, pure.
Gaius and the algoloi also reject it because the montanists use revelation so often. The old testament in the book of revelation by steve moyise. Marys symbolic appearance in the book of revelation. For example, did john choose texts to meet the needs of the recipients or did his meditation on the scriptures give him a unique insight into their situation. An apocalyptic letter, it relies on visions, symbols, and old testament references to reveal the ultimate fulfillment of gods promise given to abraham in genesis. Which by the way is easy, and it aint what youve been told. Table of contents acknowledgments foreword homer hailey preface the old testament background of the book of revelation the number and analysis of old testament quotations the text used in the old testament allusions the purpose of the old testament allusions the place of the book of revelation in apocalyptic literature the times in which apocalyptic grew apocalyptic a reinterpretation of. There are somewhere between 200 to 1,000 references to the ot in revelation, depending on how you count them. The following is a list of such references, but it makes no claim to being exhaustive or complete.
Revelation rarely quotes directly from the old testament, yet almost every verse alludes to or echoes older scriptures. Jan 04, 2010 there are no formal or direct quotations to the old testament ot in revelation. The use of the old testament in the book of revelation. His usage of the old testament is more than mere symbols its ideas and words appear throughout the book. The book of revelation has no direct quotations from the old testament, but it has about 550 references back to the old testament. Oct 19, 2018 revelation was almost not included in the canon. New american bible, revised edition nabre, revelation 12. The old testament in the book of revelation 1995 edition.
I go through a chapter of revelation and spot the links to old testament writings. The book of revelation often called the book of revelations, revelation to john, apocalypse of john, the revelation from jesus christ from its opening words, the apocalypse, the revelation, or simply revelation is the final book of the new testament, and consequently is also the final book of the christian bible. Parallel passages in new testament quoted from old. The use of old testament in the book of revelation rizalde. An act of revealing takes place when x the revealer god reveals s something, the content of the revelation to y the recipient, who by im. T part v includes quotes from revelation found in genesis, exodus, numbers, psalms, isaiah, ezekiel, daniel, joel. The old testament in the book of revelation by ferrell jenkins. Old testament references verse numbers found in revelation approx 540 of them for god so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. I have seen different interpretations of revelation 6. In chapter 21 the woman will be the symbol of the new jerusalem, the. Jul 30, 2010 the old testament in the book of revelation by steve moyise, 1995, sheffield academic press edition, in english. Every mention of mary in scripture mary immaculate.
Eight interesting facts about revelations use of the old. Hebrew scripture, our old testament, prefigures the new testament. Mary is the mother of jesus and god orders us to honor our parents. Old testament references in the book of revelation by. What historical reasons resulted in revelation being included. Old testament scriptures that refer to the book of revelation taken from the new kings james version down through the years of my personal studies and research where that i have study form many other resources, i have found where they state that there are over 500 hundred references in the old testament that can be found in the book of revelation. In essence, revelation is complemented with old testament allusions. According to westcott and horts list of quotations from the old testament, of the 404 verses of revelation 278 contain references to the old testament. Thats if you know the bible well enough to even notice that. Apologetics press revelation and the old testament. The book of revelation was written sometime around 96 ce in asia minor. The traditional churches catholic and orthodox would tend to include not just the. The events in revelation are not in chronological order. Understanding revelation from the old testament gods writer.
For reasons we can only speculate on the decision to include it was made at the last minutetruly a cliffha. Early church tradition identified him with john the son of zebedee, one of the twelve apostles. Marcion rejects revelation because of the numerous old testament references in the book. The old testament in the book of revelation ferrell jenkins on. Allusions in revelation from old testament christian forums.
The book of revelation is the only apocalyptic document in the new testament canon although there are short apocalyptic passages in various places in the gospels and the epistles. The woman of the apocalypse is a figure described in chapter 12 of the book. The apocalyptic book of revelation is a symbolic glimpse. A brief overview it is observed that revelation contains more references to the old testament books than any other document in the new testament. Although its visions often seem bizarre to the western reader, fortunately the book provides a number of clues for its own interpretation e. Revelation is the last book in the bible, the twentyseventh book of the new testament. Revelation parallels, figures and typology in the old. There are over 600 references to the old testament in the book of revelations. The old testament text of the new king james version nkjv is based on the false hebrew text via ubs translated by apostateoccultist. Mary, the ark of the new covenant catholic answers. The majority of the things found in the first twenty chapters of the book of revelation are found elsewhere in the. Farrell to the inquiring skeptics of upper new york on october 1, 1997 at the guilderland public library. Old testament references in the book of revelation there are over five hundred references to the old testament in the book of revelation. The evidence of this pattern is noted through a careful examination of similarities between the old testament and the book of revelation.
May 01, 2009 if you know the ot references, revelation is easy, but you will have to add the first book of enoch which jesus quoted from in order to know who the anti christ is. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Many of the presbyters in attendance at the council of nicaea didnt want it in the bible. Whereas revelation was written while the christians were oppressed by the romans, the prophets isaiah, ezekiel, and daniel wrote while the jews where under babylonian domination. Revelation is apocalyptic, a kind of writing that is highly symbolic. The literary genres of the book of revelation are an apocalypse, a prophecy, and an epistle or letter. Rather than use direct quotations he employs a welter of allusions to the ot. Steve ray will answer that question by taking you on a thrilling journey through the bible. Old testament references verse numbers found in revelation approx 540 of them for god so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten son, that whosoever believeth.
John wrote revelation while a prisoner on the island of patmos, approximately 8595 a. Book of revelation read, study bible verses online. The book of revelation had its origin in a time of crisis, but it remains valid and meaningful for christians of all time. He is the author of paul and scripture and jesus and scripture. The importance of our familiarity with the old testament in order to understand the book of revelation cannot be overstated. There are four different methods that are used to interpret revelation. Why do catholics call mary the ark of the new covenant. The ark of the covenant as described in the old testament book of exodus was the. Surveying a range of modern perspectives on johns treatment of the hebrew bible, these volumes provide everything you need to make informed decisions about how to interpret.
New testament book of revelation synonyms, new testament book of revelation pronunciation, new testament book of revelation translation, english dictionary definition of new testament book of revelation. The revelation of god has been progressive until its. The book of revelation was written to seven churches as both encouragement and challenge. Aug 24, 2016 in conclusion, it is hard to ignore the overwhelming traces of the old testament in the book of revelation. But, as was mentioned in our discussion of the interpretation of symbols, there are literally hundreds of passages throughout the bible and especially the old testament, which are connected to the book of revelation. The old testament in the book of revelation the library of.
In the face of apparently insuperable evil, either from within or from without, all christians are called to trust in jesus promise, behold, i am with you always, until the end of the age. Old testament references in the book of revelation fliphtml5. Almost every verse of revelation contains some sort of allusion to it. This page records scriptural references to mary in the new testament of the bible. There are over 600 references to the old testament in the. There are references to martyrdom and persecution in the book of revelation, but to what extent there was a real roundup of christians going on is a matter of some debate.
The book of revelation is a fitting finale to the new testament, but what exactly are its old testament antecedents. David mathewson assessing old testament allusions in the book. The book of revelation has long been one of the bibles most difficult books to grasp. Explicit references to nt books in extrabiblical documents can push this upper limit down a bit further. Revelation was written by a man named john, who calls himself a brother in the faith 1. Founder and director of ariel ministries there are over five hundred references to the old testament in the book of revelation. The book of revelation is the final book of the new testament, and consequently is also the. In fact, of the 39 old testament books, one writer has found that revelation alludes to 24 of them. Oct 23, 2014 about the old testament in the book of revelation.
Here are some scripture quotes that refer to the mother of god. This collection sheds new light on the often mysterious apocalypse through a careful study of johns use of the old testament. Some writers, however, have advanced the preterist from a latin word meaning that which is past view, contending that the apocalypse was penned around a. Beale diligently ferrets out the relationships between all manner of references, images, and echoes, covering such thorny questions as eschatology, the millennium, and grammatical solecisms. This information about which text in hebrew or greek was used to translate for the particular version, in this case the nkjv is right in the preface or the introduction of the nkjv. In short, the book of revelation appears to be a somewhat carelessly edited combination of at least two synoptic protorevelation manuscriptswhich themselves were each created by stitching together ideas and phrases from hebrew old testament and intertestamental works the darkness curse is repeated in 6. Related passages and themes commentary a testimony of. Founder and director of ariel ministries there are over five hundred. That makes about 250 old testament passages are cited.
Thus, the church has known how to read the books of the old testament in an everincreasing light. Irenaeus of lyon names and quotes from most of the books in the new testament in his book against heresies, written around 180 ad. The discipleapostle john, who followed jesus christ and witnessed his crucifixion, authored it. Although the book of revelation has no direct quotations from the old testament, it has about 550 references to it and most of the information found in its first twenty chapters is. How many times is mary, the mother of jesus, mentioned in the bible. Virgin mary, who brought forth our head with her virginity intact. This book explores the relationship between the new context that john provides for his allusions and their context in the old testament. How many times does john reference the old testament in. The blessed virgin mary is the woman clothed with the sun in the book of. What was the last written book and when in the new testament. Yes, there are references to mary in the old testamentvastly less than those to the christ, jesus, who is the entire focus of the bible, but. About twothirds of the 404 verses in revelation refer back to the old testament. Why was the book of revelation included in the bible.
Aug 30, 2011 i find this persons view concerning the allusions found in the book of revelation that are found in the old testament covenant rather fascinating. Revelation refers to a whole range of books from the old testament, right through the law, the historical books, poetry and the prophets. The holy bible book 66 revelation kjv dramatized audio. I have only included prophetic statements here, not the old testament types of mary. In the following discussion, we focus on the major parallels between the book of revelation and key passages elsewhere in scripture. The only extended apocalyptic passage in the old testament is in the book of daniel. Steve moyise phd, university of birmingham is professor of new testament at the university of chichester in chichester, england. Start studying new testament book of revelation notes. Traditionally, the book of revelation has been dated near the end of the first century, around a.